sad true: ( power electronic [ 10 ]
Alex Grammatchikov , author «Expert Online» , «expert» , «D` », « Russian Reporter », « Expert Auto », « Reviews of »
Russian IT-market with enthusiasm by the steps the country's leadership to enhance the process e-government. Technology for such systems have long gained, the main obstacle to their implementation - an unfriendly disposition bureaucracy
Photo: ITAR-TASS
P leave on account of a car by e-mail, obtain a passport through the Internet or to make a senior official in his claims on the web forum - the need for the development of such modern technology interaction citizens with the power, the so-called electronic government, say in Russia for many years. The last few months were marked by loud Statements country's leadership to intensify this process. "What have we come? Yes, a fig, we have not moved! "- So sharply evaluate the process of creating e-government at a recent meeting President Dmitry Medvedev . Previously, he, in particular, described as "gibberish» website Migration Service of Russia - so there is hard to find the necessary information for citizens.
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result of angry criticism in the recent appearance in the Ministry of Communications Action Plan "for the transition to the execution of public functions in electronic form. Under this plan, already in 2011, citizens will be able to receive from the government in electronic form more than 70 services. Traffic Police, the Federal Migration Service, the Federal Tax Service, the Pension Fund, other ministries and agencies should enable citizens to not push them in the hallways, as quickly and easily obtain information and documents directly from your home computer (see 
Table 1 ).
Behind Costa Rica
In the world of the elements e-Government is actively developing for many years. In some European countries via the Internet can make out a broad list of certificates, licenses, benefits, not visiting in person or that department. Also in developed countries implement the various forms of electronic participation in elections, is widely common chat rooms and forums where voters online communicate with the authorities.
Oddly enough, in Russia too long ago history of the creation of mechanisms of electronic government. The fact that the citizens via the Internet will soon be communicating with the authorities, the developers have stated loudly program "Electronic Russia" in 2002. But it should be recognized that since a tangible result to be achieved.
Yes, there are some examples successful development. One of the most revealing is the establishment of an electronic system remote delivery of documents to the tax authorities, which currently used by hundreds of thousands of entities. Many departments on their own initiative created the so-called electronic receivers (eg, This service is website Rosselkhoznadzor), where any citizen can apply via the Internet directly to the heads of government. Indicators and the experience of some regions. The most advanced include initiatives Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug , Tatarstan, Chuvashia. "On portal in the Khanty-Mansiysk is currently represented by 160 government services, each with a full range of related information - Says Lyudmila Ablamskaya , director of consulting FORS - Development Center. " - Online services provided by on the principle of "one window" in Ugra, might be a good model for implementation in other Russian regions. "
But such examples - It is rather isolated cases. In general, the situation with the creation of mechanisms for e-government in Russia deplorable. According to a recent Russian Research Institute of the Information Society (IIS), today state institutions can not cope with the provision of even basic information to its citizens. So, the place of reception of citizens are websites 44 federal executive bodies (52% of total) and schedules of work units engaged in the reception of citizens, are given only for the 21 departments (25% of the total). Other figures are also not very encouraging: the ability to download headers implemented for 43 departments (51% of total), while online transfer completed forms provided only five agencies (6% of total), and transaction services are implemented only at the three sites of agencies (see Table 2 ).
At low indicators of public electronic services in Russia show and authoritative international organization. According to the latest survey carried out UN study (United Nations e-Government Survey), the degree of readiness for e-government Russia occupies 60 th place out of 192 countries. This is a very low rate: one place ahead of us Costa Rica , and immediately after are South Africa, Venezuela, Mauritius (see Table 3 ). It is noteworthy that in 2005 Russia's rating was significantly higher - it took 50 th place.
Bureaucratic resistance
close attention to the mechanisms of electron Governments around the world is not accidental. It was the introduction of modern information technologies in public services can lead them to a fundamentally new level. "By our estimates, approximately 10 percent of public services in Russia today can get out of the house on the internet - says Lyudmila Ablamskaya of FORS - Development Center. - These include the receipt of any archival information, do not require personal information extracts from the register of rights to immovable property, and many others. In the same way can be addressed questions of registration of passports, visas, residence registration ".
«In essence, the state - this is a service organization that serves the country's population - has evolved thought Tagir Yapparov , CEO of IT. " - And it is in service organizations implement IT-solutions most effectively. Recall, for example, that the work of the same banking and telecommunications industry today is simply impossible without the use of modern information technologies. A-scale public services commensurate with the above industries.
However, plans to introduce new electronic services already in 2011, market participants are called fantastic. "In seven years here few have managed to do that, and all for one and a half years is expected to provide a very extensive list of electronic services ", - says Tagir Yapparov. However, he notes, "as it is in our case in Russia, it is often avralnye practices lead to meaningful results. "
addition to compressed timeframes, market participants point to other problems of implementation e-Government in Russia. An important point - the lack of uniform standards development of electronic services by different government departments. On the need for appropriate work speak long, but so far in this direction there is no noticeable difference. "Until now, Time has not been developed and is not a unified architecture of e-government, which must place on record the electronic structure правительства Российской Федерации и набор руководств, политик, стандартов, технических решений», — говорится в упомянутом выше докладе Института развития информационного общества.
«Действительно, вопрос реализации информационных решений на межведомственном уровне представляет сегодня One of the main obstacles to the development of e-government in Russia - agreed Tahir Yapparov. - If, within one ministry More realistically establish, for example, electronic documents, then after there is a need to send the documentation to another Office, there are big problems, because often different government agencies use different, not combined with each other Standards and solutions. "
At the same time there is a serious failure in the regulatory framework - there is no legal basis, for example, the use of digital signature, there is no well-designed security systems to prevent leakage of sensitive personal data of citizens. But most importantly, as indicated by the participants market - is a hidden resistance of the entire state system of e-government implementation. After all, information technology will allow more effectively manage state agencies, to monitor and identify the culprit in delayed processing of documents will disappear and the soil for corruption.
«In Russia, the introduction of e-government projects greatly complicated by the high priority particular departmental interests - notes Constantine Chikin , Deputy Director General, working with government organizations, company "I-Teco". - Since the successful large-scale introduction of electronic services necessitates a reduction in the various departments of government services and strengthening control their work, it is logical to assume that the idea of introducing such systems meet officials disapprove. "
Technological readiness
Meanwhile, in terms of technology readiness of the introduction of electronic public services does not present too much difficulty. Market participants indicate that by its very nature electronic public services does not differ from those decisions, which are used by commercial companies. A Russian IT-structure already have extensive experience in implementing, for example, those same CRM-systems , on the basis of which may be provided by government agencies and services.
«In the development of e-government in Russia offers great opportunities to use business applications. For example, the Siebel CRM platform abroad actively used to create e-government services, - said Igor Nikulin , Chief Information Officer CROC. - Integrated solutions based on such business applications allow you to quickly and cost effectively organize to provide public services in electronic form on the principle of "one window". As a result, citizens have the opportunity through an e-mail Internet and call center remotely go all the way paperwork. "
Finally, Russian companies have experience in large-scale introduction of electronic public services in other countries, especially neighboring countries. For example, a system integrator - Company «I-Teco» - Kazakhstan is implementing a large-scale project to automate the so-called service centers (CSC). Any citizen of this country can obtain a wide range of services from the state, addressing not directly in one or another agency, namely, a service center. Currently in the Republic of the works of 300 PSC providing government services to citizens in the "one window. Company «I-Teco» develops and implements a single integrated information system, which aims to bring quality and efficiency of public services in Kazakhstan to the next level, - said Konstantin Chikin of "I-Teco". - Already, the answers to most questions regarding the services and work of PSC users can receive self-service - through an Internet portal , information kiosks. Furthermore, additional information from the PSC, such as the availability of documents or the need to bring additional information may be provided to individuals on a phone, with short text messages Cell phone or by e-mail. "
market participants note that in Kazakhstan, the realization of this project was made possible by political will of the leadership, which has been able to overcome the hidden resistance of the bureaucracy. In Russia, this project may quickly achieved if the first person executive actually will take a tougher political position.
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